備考英語四六級(jí)作文的時(shí)候，單詞和短語是文章最基本的組成單位，用詞是否出彩在一定程度上決定了文章是否能得高分!要想用對(duì)詞，必須遵循以下原則。
1無重復(fù)原則
英語寫作中經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)在同一文章中反復(fù)使用同一個(gè)詞、詞組的情況，這就是我們通常所說的重復(fù)。用詞重復(fù)主要表現(xiàn)在名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞等實(shí)詞的重復(fù)上。例如：
名詞重復(fù)
Catherine offered him moral help and also practical help.
動(dòng)詞重復(fù)
I like reading while my brother likes playing football.
形容詞重復(fù)
Mark Twain is famous for his short novels in America, and now he isalso becoming more and more famous with Chinese readers.
為避免用詞的重復(fù)，可采用以下方法：
省略
省略是避免重復(fù)最主要的手段。它可以節(jié)省詞語，使句子結(jié)構(gòu)更緊湊，還可以有效避免名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞的重復(fù)。例如：
名詞省略
They are fine actors. Smith is the finest (actor) I’ve ever seen.
動(dòng)詞省略
Jack needn’t stay here， but George must (stay here).
形容詞省略
Robert seemed angry， and George certainly was (angry).
代詞代替
這種方法主要用于解決名詞的重復(fù)問題。例如：
Catherine offered him moral help and also practical help.
可改為：Catherine offered him moral help and also practical one.
再如：Can you repair this chair? I broke it yesterday.
同義詞、反義詞、派生詞轉(zhuǎn)換
名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞都適用這種方法。
名詞同義詞轉(zhuǎn)換
原句：The snow was heavy last night.
修改后： It snowed heavily last night.
動(dòng)詞同義詞轉(zhuǎn)換
原句：The runner couldn’t catch up with the others in the race.
修改后：The runner fell behind the others in the race.
形容詞同義詞轉(zhuǎn)換
原句：I am completely confident that I am competent for the new job.
修改后：I am completely confident that I am qualified for the new job.
2短語優(yōu)先原則
使用短語替換單詞具有兩大優(yōu)勢(shì)：
文章顯得更為地道，增加亮點(diǎn);
增加字?jǐn)?shù)。
例：
原句：When he was a child， he wanted to learn everything.
修改后：When he was a child， he had a strong appetite for knowledge.
與原句中的wanted to learn everything相比，修改后的例句中的had a strong appetite for knowledge更能表現(xiàn)出“他”的求知若渴，表達(dá)更加生動(dòng)。
常見的單詞轉(zhuǎn)化成短語的方法有：
形容詞變短語方法：of+同根名詞
常見的形容詞及對(duì)應(yīng)短語有：
形容詞 短語
very important 非常重要的 of great importance
very difficult 非常困難的 of great difficulty
very difficult 非常困難的 of great difficulty
very beautiful 非常美麗的 of great beauty
very useful 非常有用的 of great use
very helpful 非常有幫助的 of great help
very harmful 非常有害的 of great harm
very valuable 非常有價(jià)值的 of great value
very significant 至關(guān)重要的 of great significance
very necessary 非常必要的 of great necessity
動(dòng)詞變短語方法：同義短語替換
常用的動(dòng)詞和對(duì)應(yīng)動(dòng)詞短語如下：
動(dòng)詞 動(dòng)詞短語
stand 承受 put up with
consider 考慮 take...into consideration/account
exist 存在 come into existence/being
like 喜歡 be fond of, take delight in
support支持 be in favor of, approve of
think 想，認(rèn)為 harbor the idea that, hold the view that
explain 解釋 account for
agree 同意，贊成 approve of
conclude 得出結(jié)論 come to/draw a conclusion
remember 記住 bear/keep in mind
cause 引起 bring about
raise 提出 bring/put up, set forth
absorb采納，吸收 take in
cancel 取消 call off
eliminate 取消 completely get rid of
help 幫助 give a hand
delay 耽誤，耽擱 hold off
emphasize 重視 attach great importance to
replace 代替 take the place of
use 使用 make use of, take advantage of
know 知道 be aware of
3詞義具體化原則
所謂詞義具體化就是指寫作過程中盡量避免使用意義寬泛、模糊的詞，要根據(jù)語境使用具體、生動(dòng)的詞。
這些高分替換詞，一定要馬住!
低分詞 高分詞
good 好的 superb, brilliant, outstanding, awesome
bad 壞的 adverse, evil, terrible, horrible
old 老的 old-fashioned, outdated, antiquated, archaic
strange 陌生的 eccentric, peculiar, odd, weird
short 短的 transient, short-lived
forever 永遠(yuǎn) for good, perpetually
different 不同的 unique, distinctive, dissimilar
do 做 conduct, carry out, execute
see 看見 witness, observe, spot, glimpse
increase 增加，提高 soar, escalate, double/triple
walk 走 wander, stride, sneak, creep
learn 學(xué)習(xí) acquire, review, master
get 取得 obtain, attain
help 幫助 assist, aid
mean 意思是 suggest, indicate, imply, symbolize
picture 圖畫 drawing, painting, cartoon
big 大的 immense, enormous, tremendous
cause 引起 give rise to, trigger, result in, arouse
make 做 produce, create, develop
rich 豐富的 wealthy, affluent, ample
cheap 便宜的 economical, inexpensive, affordable
common 普遍的 widespread, prevalent
change 改變 transform, alter, modify
people 人 individuals, adolescents, adults
famous 著名的 renowned, celebrated, distinguished, prominent
think 想 suppose, claim, maintain, presume, assume
keep 保存 preserve, conserve
break 破壞 undermine, jeopardize, devastate
以上就是小編給大家整理的四六級(jí)備考內(nèi)容，希望可以給大家在學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)候帶來幫助。
