at heart，by heart

這一組短語的涵義也各不相同。

At heart 的意思是“在心里”、“心底里”或“本質(zhì)上”(from the heart，from the bottom of one’s heart or essentially)。by heart 的意思是“背誦”、“熟記”(by rote;to learn so well that one can remember it perfectly)。請(qǐng)看下面例句：

That socialite is a rascal at heart.

那個(gè)知名人士實(shí)質(zhì)上是個(gè)壞蛋。

A councillor should have the collective interest of society at heart.

議員應(yīng)當(dāng)關(guān)心大眾的利益。

At heart，Mr.Lin does not approve your proposal.

林先生的心里并不贊同你的建議。

Mr.Wang looks stem，but he is kind at heart.

王先生看來嚴(yán)肅，但買質(zhì)上他很仁慈。

I know this poem by heart.

我熟讀/我能背誦這首詩。

I don’t see the point of learning by heart all the dates in the history book!

我真不明白為什么要把歷史書里所有的日期都要記下來!

請(qǐng)注意下列短語的意思：(跟前例 have something at heart相近)

in one’s heart of hearts 在內(nèi)心深處

take something to heart 認(rèn)真考慮/關(guān)注某事

set one’s heart on something 決心做/得到某事/物

cut(or touch)sb to the heart 觸及某人痛處

one’s heart is in something 把整個(gè)心放在某事上